Referenser

Andersson, K. Høgaas Eide, M. Lundqvist, U. och Mattsson, B. (1998). The feasibility of including

    sustainability in LCA methodology. Journal of Cleaner Production 6(3-4), 289-298.

 

Azar, C. Holmberg, J. och Lindgren, K. (1996). Socio-ecological indicators for sustainability. Ecological

    Economics 18, 89-112.

 

Bastianoni, S. och Marchettini, N. (1996). Ethanol production from biomass: analysis of process efficiency

    and sustainability. Biomass and Bioenergy 11(5), 411-418.

 

Bastianoni, S. Brown, M. T. Marchettini, N. och Ulgiati, S. (1994). Assessing energy quality, process

    efficiency and environmental loading in biofuels production from biomass. I: Chartier, Ph. Beenackers, A.

C. M. and Grassi, G. (Eds.). European Biomass Conference 8. Biomass for energy, environment,

agriculture and industry, 2300-2312.

 

Baumann, H. och Cowell, S. (1998). An evaluative framework for environmental management approaches.

    In: Baumann, H. Life cycle assessment and decision making — theories and practices. AFR rapport nr 183,

    Inst. f. teknisk miljöplanering, Chalmers tekniska högskola, Göteborg.

 

Beyers, R. J. och Odum, H.T. (1993). Ecological Microcosms. Springer-Verlag, New York.

 

Bockstaller, C. Girardin, P. och van der Werf, H. M. G. (1997). Use of agro-ecological indicators for the

    evaluation of farming systems. European Journal of Agronomy 7, 261-270.

 

Brandt-Williams, S. och Odum, H. T. (1999). Procedure for agricultural emergy* evaluation. In: Ortega, E.

    Safonor, P. and Comar, V. (Eds.). (1999). Introduction to ecological engineering with emergy analysis of

    Brazilian case studies. (in press).

 

Brown, M. T. och Arding, J. (1991). Transformities. Working paper. Center for Wetlands, University of

    Florida, Gainesville, USA.

 

Brown, M. T. och McClanahan, T. R. (1996). EMergy analysis perspectives of Thailand and Mekong river

    dam proposals. Ecological Modelling 91, 105-130.

 

Brown, M. T. Tennenbaum, S. och Odum, H. T. (1991). Emergy analysis and policy persepctives for the Sea

   of Cortez, Mexico. CFW Publication # 88-04. Research studies conducted under contract no. 571945612

    to the Cousteau Society. Center for Wetlands, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

 

Brown, M. T. och Ulgiati, S. (1997). Emergy-based indices and ratios to evaluate sustainability: monitoring

    economies and technology toward environmentally sound innovation. Ecological Engineering 9, 51-69.

 

Brown, M. T. och Ulgiati, S. (1998). Emergy evaluation of the environment: quantitative perspectives on

    ecological footprints. In: Ulgiati, S. Brown, M.T. Giampietro, M. Herendeen, R. A. and Mayumi, K. (Eds.).

    Advances in energy studies. Energy flows in ecology and economy. Musis Publisher, Roma, Italy, 223-240.

 

Brown, M. T. och Ulgiati, S. (1999). Emergy evaluation of natural capital and biosphere services. Ambio

    28(6), 486-493.

 

Brown, M. T. Odum, H. T. McGrane, G. Woithe, R. D. Lopez, S. och Bastianoni, S. (1995). Emergy

    evaluation of energy policies for Florida. Report to the Florida Energy Office. Center for Environmental

    Policy, Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

 

Carlsson-Kanyama, A. (1998). Food consumption patterns and their influence on climate change.

    Greenhouse gas emissions in the life-cycle of tomatoes and carrots consumed in Sweden. Ambio 27(7),

    528-534.

 

Cederberg, C. och Mattsson, B. (1999). Life cycle assessment of milk production – a comparison of

    conventional and organic farming. I: Cederberg, C. Environmental aspects of nutrient flows in agriculture

    with a case study of milk. Licentiatavhandling. Rapport 1999:6. Göteborgs Universitet,
 Inst. f. tillämpad miljövetenskap, artikel II.

 

Costanza, R. d’Arge, R. de Groots, R. Farber, S. Grasso, M. Hannon, B. Limburg, K. Naeem, S. O’neil, R. V.

    Paruelo, J. Raskin, R. G. Sutton, P. och van den Belt, M. (1997). The value of the world’s ecosystem

    services and natural capital. Nature 387, 253-260.

 

Doherty, S. J. (1995). Emergy evaluations of and limits to forest production. Dissertation. Department of

    Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

 

Fluck, R. (1992a). Energy analysis for agricultural systems. I: Fluck, R. (Ed.). Energy in farm production.

    Energy in world agriculture vol. 6. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 45-52.

 

Fluck, R. (1992b). Energy human labor. I: Fluck, R. (Ed.). Energy in farm production. Energy in world

    agriculture vol. 6. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 31-37.

 

Folke, C. Jansson, Å, Larsson, J. och Costanza, R. (1997). Ecosystem appropriation by cities. Ambio 26 (3),

    167-172.

 

Franzluebbers, A. J. och Francis, C. A. (1995). Energy output:input ratio of maize and sorghum management

    in Eastern Nebraska. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 53, 271-278.

 

Hall, C. A. S. (Ed.). (1995). Maximum power. The ideas and applications of H. T. Odum. University Press of

    Colorado, Niwot, Colorado, USA.

 

Hall, C. A. S. Cleveland, C. J. och Kaufmann, R. (1986). Energy and resource quality. The ecology of the

    economic process. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

 

Haukoos, D. S. (1994). An Emergy analysis of various construction materials. ENV 6905. Department of

    Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

 

Holmberg, J. Robèrt, K.-H. och Eriksson, H.-E. (1996). Socio-ecological principles for a sustainable society:

    scientific background and Swedish experience. I: Costanza. R. Olman, S. and Martinez-Alier, J. (Eds.).

    Getting down to earth: practical imlications for ecological economics. Island Press, Washington.

 

Huang, S.-L. och Odum, H. T. (1991). Ecology and economy: emergy synthesis and public policy in Taiwan.

    Journal of Environmental Management 32, 313-333.

 

Jolliet, O. (1990). Bilan écologique de la production de tomates en serre. Revue Suisse Vitic, Arboric. Hortic.

    25 (4), 261-267.

 

Lagerberg, C. (1999). Evaluation of resource flows of tomato production systems under glass according to

    the method of emergy analysis. Proceedings of the XXVth International Horticultural Congress, Brussels,

    Belgium, 1998. Acta Horticulturae. (under tryckning)

 

Lindfors, L.-G. Christiansen, K. Hoffman, L. Virtanen, Y. Juntilla, V. Hanssen, O.-J. Rønning, A. Ekvall, T.

    och Finnveden, G. (1995). Nordic guidelines on life-cycle assessment. Nord 1995:20. The Nordic Council

    of Ministers (Nordiska ministerrådet).

 

Mc Govern, J. A. (1990). Exergy analysis – a different perspective on energy. Part 1: the concept of exergy.

    Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs 204, 253-262.

 

Mattsson, B. och Cederberg, C. (1999). Agricultural land use in life cycle assessment (LCA): case study of

    vegetable oil crops. In: Cederberg, C. Environmental aspects of nutrient flows in agriculture with an LCA

    case study of milk. Rapport 1999:6, Inst. f. tillämpad miljövetenskap, Göteborg, artikel III.

 

Odum, H. T. (1971). Environment, power and society. Wiley-Interscience.

 

Odum, H. T. (1975). Energy quality and carrying capacity of the earth. Tropical Ecology 16, 1-8.

 

Odum, H. T. (1987). Living with complexity. I: The Craaford Prize in the Biosciences. Craaford Lectures.

    The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien), 19-85.

 

Odum, H. T. (1988a). Energy, environment and public policy. A guide to the analysis of systems. UNEP

    Regional Seas Reports and Studies No. 95. Oceans and Coastal Areas Programme Activity Centre, United

    Nations Environment Programme, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Odum, H. T. (1988b). Self-Organization, Transformity, and Information. Science 242, 1132-1139.

 

Odum, H. T. (1994). Ecological and general systems. An introduction to systems ecology. 2nd edition.

    Revised edition. University Press of Colorado, Niwot, USA.

 

Odum, H. T. (1996). Environmental accounting. EMERGY and environmental decision making.

    Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

 

Odum, H. T. och Arding, J. E. (1991). Emergy analysis of shrimp mariculture in Equador. Working Paper.

    Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences and Center for Wetlands, University of Florida,

    Gainesville, USA.

 

Odum, H. T. och Odum, E. C. (1976). Energy basis for man and nature. McGraw-Hill Book Company,

    New York.

 

Odum, H. T. och Odum, E. C. (Eds.). (1983). Energy analysis overview of nations, with sections by Bosch,

    G. Braat, L. Dunn, W. Innes, G. de R. Richardson, J. R. Scienceman, D. M. Sendzimir, J. P. Smith, D. J.

    and Thomas, M. V. Working Paper WP-83-82. International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis,

    Laxenburg, Austria.

 

Odum, H. T. och Odum, E. C. (2000). Modelling for all scales. An introduction to system simulation. Academic Press.

 

Odum, H. T. Odum, E. C. och Blissett, M. (1987). Ecology and economy: ”emergy” analysis and public

    policy in Texas. Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs and Texas Department of Agriculture, Policy

    Research Project Report Number 78. Board of Regents, The University of Texas, Austin

 

Odum, H. T. Odum, E. C. och Brown, M. T. (1998). Environment and society in Florida. Lewis Publishers,

    Boca Raton, USA.

 

Odum, H.T. Wang, F. C. Alexander, J. F. Gilliland, M. Miller, M. och Sendzimer, J. (1987b). Energy

    analysis of environmental value. Center for Wetlands Publication # 78-17. Center for Wetlands, Phelps

    Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.

 

Pillet, G. (1991). Shadow pricing for natural resource goods and services, using the emergy method. In:

    Guvenen, O. Labys, W. C. and Lesourd, J.-B. (Eds.). International commodity market models. Advances in

    methodology and applications. Chapman and Hall.

 

Pimentel, D. och Pimentel, M. (1979). Food, energy and society. Edward Arnold, London

 

Prado-Jatar, M. A. och Brown, M. T. (1997). Interface ecosystems with an oil spill in a Venezuelan tropical

    savannah. Ecological Engineering 8, 49-78.

 

Reist, A. och Gysi, C. (1990). Cultures hors sol: bilan écologique. Revue suisse Vitic. Arboric. Hortic. 22 (4),

    223-235.

 

Robèrt, K.-H. (1994). Non-negotiable facts as a basis for decision-making. Proceedings of the third Stockholm 
water symposium 10-14 August 1993. Integrated measures to overcome barriers to minimizing harmful fluxes 
from land to water.
GOTAB, Stockholm, 181-189.

 

Scienceman, D. M. (1987). Energy and emergy. I: Pillet, G. och Murota, T. (Eds.). Environmental

    economics — the analysis of a major interface. Rolland Leimgruber, Geneva, 257-276.

 

Shengfang, L. och Odum, H. T. (1994). Emergy evaluation of the environment and economy of Hong Kong.

    Journal of Environmental Sciences 6(4), 432-439.

 

Schmidt-Bleek, F. (1996) Dematerialisation – from concept to practice. I: AFR, Naturvårdsverket.

    Dematerialisering – en strategi för uthållig utveckling. Seminarium 13 juni, 1996, Stockholm.

    AFR-rapport 136, 17-32.

 

Schmidt-Bleek, F. (1997). The ecological reform of the economy. In: Smith, P. and Tanner, A. Dimensions of 
sustainability. Proceedings of the congress challenges of sustainable development, Amsterdam, 22-25

    August 1996. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden, 69-80.

 

Scrase, J. I. Hall, D. O. och Stuckey, D. C. (1993). Bioethanol from grapes in the European community.

    Biomass and Bioenergy 5 (5), 347-358.

 

Sohn, Ji-Ho. Shin, Sung-Kyo. Cho, Eun-Il och Lee, Suk-Mo. (1996). EMERGY analysis of Korean fisheries.

    Journal of Korean Fishery Society 29(5), 689-700. (engelsk sammanfattning och tabeller).

 

Stanhill, G. (1980). The energy cost of protected cropping: a comparison of six systems of tomato

    production. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 25, 145-154.

 

Tischner, U. och Schmidt-Bleek, F. (1993). Designing goods with MIPS. Fresenius Environmental

    Bulletine 2, 479-484.

 

Ulgiati, S. och Brown, M. T. (1998). Monitoring patterns of sustainability in natural and man-made

    ecosystems. Ecological Modelling 108, 23-36.

 

Ulgiati, S. Odum, H. T. och Bastianoni, S. (1993). Emergy analysis of Italian agricultural system. The role of

energy quality and environmental inputs. In. Bonati, L. (Ed.). International workshop on ecological physical 
chemistry 2, 1992, Milano. Trends in ecological physical chemistry
, 187-215.

 

Ulgiati, S. Odum, H. T. och Bastianoni, S. (1994). Emergy use, environmental loading and sustainability. An

    emergy analysis of Italy. Ecological Modelling 73, 215-268.

 

Ulgiati, S. Brown, M. T. Bastianoni, S. och Marchettini, N. (1995). Emergy-based indices and ratios to

    evaluate the sustainable use of resources. Ecological Engineering 5, 519-531.

 

Vitousek, P. M. Erlich, P. R. Erlich, A. H. och Matson, P. A. (1986). Human appropriation of the products of

    photosynthesis. BioScience 36, 368-373.

 

Wackernagel, M. och Rees, W. (1996). Our ecological footprint. Reducing human impact on the earth. The

    New Catalyst Bioregional Series, New Society Publishers,Gabriola Island, BC, Canada.

 

Wackernagel, M. Onisto, L. Linares, A. C. Falfán, I. S. L. García, J. M. Guerro, A. I. S. and Guerro, G. S.

    (1997). Ecological footprints of nations. How much nature do they use? How much nature do they have?  
The Earth Council, Costa Rica.

 

Wall, G. (1987). Exergy conversion in the Swedish society. Resources and Energy 9, 55-73

 

World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford University  Press.








*)Lagerberg, C., 2000. Emergianalys - Hur gör man ? SLU, Institutionen för växtvetenskap,
Box 44, 230 53 Alnarp. http://www.cul.slu.se/emergi.